Plan and Execute

Master the Plan-and-Execute framework to build agents that think before they act

What is Plan-and-Execute?

The Plan-and-Execute framework is a two-phase approach where agents first create a comprehensive plan upfront, then systematically execute it. Unlike ReAct's interleaved thinking and acting, Plan-and-Execute separates planning from execution.

This approach shines for complex, multi-step tasks where understanding the full scope and dependencies upfront leads to more efficient and successful outcomes.

Interactive: Approach Comparison

Compare reactive vs plan-and-execute approaches

Reactive Approach

Act immediately, adjust as you go

Inefficient (backtracking, redundant actions)
May miss dependencies (visa before booking)
Higher failure rate on complex tasks
Difficult to coordinate multiple steps

The Two Phases

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Planning Phase

Create comprehensive plan upfront

  • • Analyze full task scope
  • • Identify all subtasks
  • • Determine dependencies
  • • Create execution sequence

Execution Phase

Execute plan systematically

  • • Follow plan sequentially
  • • Execute each subtask
  • • Track progress
  • • Handle failures gracefully

When to Use Plan-and-Execute

Complex Multi-Step Tasks
Many interdependent subtasks (e.g., travel planning, project management)
Clear Dependencies
Tasks with known prerequisites (e.g., software deployment, research workflows)
Resource Coordination
Need to allocate resources efficiently (e.g., budget planning, team coordination)
Highly Dynamic Environments
When plans become quickly outdated, ReAct may be better