💸 Fee Structures: L2 Execution + L1 Data
Understand the two-part cost model of rollup transactions
See how much you save with Layer 2 solutions
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0 / 5 completed🔧 L2 Fee Structure Breakdown
Understanding the components of L2 gas fees helps you optimize costs. Every L2 transaction has multiple fee components working together.
🧩 Fee Component Explorer
Click each component to understand how it contributes to your total L2 gas cost.
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L2 Execution Fee
Cost to execute your transaction on the L2 network
Formula
L2 Gas Price × Gas Used
Typical Cost
$0.001-0.05
% of Total
5-20%
Key Factors:
- •L2 network congestion (usually very low)
- •Computation complexity of transaction
- •Storage operations performed
- •Contract calls and interactions
📊 L1 Data Cost Calculator
The L1 data fee is usually the largest component. See how compression and blob transactions reduce this cost.
100 bytes (simple)1000 bytes (complex)
10 Gwei (cheap)100 Gwei (expensive)
Uncompressed Calldata
$0.19
200 bytes × 30 Gwei
With Compression (70%)
$0.06
60 bytes × 30 Gwei
↓ 70% cheaper
Blob Transactions
$0.00
Separate blob market
↓ 100% cheaper
🎯 Real Transaction Breakdown
Here's how a typical $1.00 L2 transaction might break down:
L2 Execution (Gas × Price)$0.05 (5%)
L1 Data Fee (Compressed Calldata)$0.85 (85%)
Sequencer Margin$0.10 (10%)
Key Insight: Over 85% of your L2 cost comes from L1 data posting. This is why compression and blob transactions have such a massive impact!
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Why L1 Data Costs Matter
- •Security guarantee: data must be on Ethereum
- •Volatile: tied to L1 gas prices
- •Dominant cost: 70-90% of total fee
- •Optimization target: biggest savings opportunity
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EIP-4844 Game Changer
- •Blob space: 128KB chunks for L2 data
- •10-100x cheaper than calldata
- •Separate fee market (not competing with L1)
- •Most L2s now using blobs by default