Grid Architecture: The Nervous System
Explore the hierarchical layers that form modern smart grid infrastructure, from generation sources to consumer devices, and understand how intelligence is distributed throughout the network
Your Progress
Section 2 of 5Hierarchical Network Design
Smart grids are built on a hierarchical architecture that separates concerns and enables scalable intelligence. Each layer has specific responsibilities while communicating with adjacent layers to maintain system-wide coordination and optimization.
Network Topology Visualizer
Interact with this dynamic visualization of smart grid architecture. Explore different network layers, see how components interconnect, and observe real-time data flow animations that show how information and power move through the intelligent grid.
Network Layers
Interactive Network Topology
Generation Layer
Transmission Layer
Distribution Layer
Consumer Layer
Control & Communication
Architecture Insights
Hierarchical Design
Clear separation of generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption layers
Digital Overlay
Communication networks and control systems enable intelligent operation
Bidirectional Flow
Power and data can flow in both directions throughout the network
Distributed Intelligence
AI and automation distributed across all network layers
Key Design Principles
Modularity
Independent layers that can evolve separately while maintaining interoperability
Data-Driven
Every component generates data that feeds into optimization algorithms
Resilient
Multiple redundancy paths and automatic failover capabilities
Communication Protocols
IEC 61850
Standard for substation automation and protection systems
DNP3
Protocol for SCADA systems and remote terminal units
MQTT
Lightweight protocol for IoT devices and sensors
Architecture Mastered!
Now that you understand the grid's nervous system, let's explore the smart devices that bring this architecture to life with real-time intelligence and automation.